本集內(nèi)容

World's largest body-scanning project to understand why diseases occur 世界規(guī)模最大人體掃描項(xiàng)目幫助了解疾病成因

文字稿

Fergus Walsh, BBC Medical Editor, UK Biobank volunteer
Mapping the ageing human body. It's nearly a decade since I last had these images of my brain, heart and other organs taken. Now, over five hours in multiple different scanners, it's all being repeated. Why?

弗格斯·沃爾什       BBC醫(yī)療事務(wù)報(bào)道員     英國生物樣本庫志愿者
為在逐漸衰老的人體繪制導(dǎo)圖。距離上一次我接受腦部、心臟和其它器官的全面掃描已有近十年了。現(xiàn)在，在接下來的五小時(shí)中，我將重復(fù)做上次做過的各種身體掃描。這是為什么？

Fergus Walsh, BBC Medical Editor, UK Biobank volunteer
"The repeat imaging of thousands of volunteers will enable researchers to see subtle changes in the body that develop over the years. These may give early warning of conditions like heart disease and dementia long before there are any symptoms."

弗格斯·沃爾什       BBC醫(yī)療事務(wù)報(bào)道員      英國生物樣本庫志愿者
“對成千上萬名志愿者重復(fù)進(jìn)行身體掃描可以讓研究人員觀察到在過去幾年內(nèi)他們身體中發(fā)生的微小變化。這可能會(huì)對多種疾病的發(fā)病給出早期預(yù)警信號(hào)，包括心臟病、失智癥，而且可能早在出現(xiàn)任何癥狀前就給出預(yù)警信號(hào)。”

The entire genetic code of every UK Biobank volunteer has been sequenced, so scientists can analyse DNA alongside images of the brain and body.

每位英國生物樣本庫中志愿者的基因編碼都已被測序，這樣科學(xué)家就可以在分析大腦與身體掃描圖像的同時(shí)分析脫氧核糖核酸。

Professor Naomi Allen, Chief Scientist, UK Biobank
"Well, I think our real interest is being able to look at changes in the structure and function of the brain over time as that may give us ideas as to what are the determinants of early cognitive impairment and early biomarkers of dementia, so I think that is one of the most exciting aspects of this study."

娜奧米·艾倫教授       英國生物樣本庫       首席科學(xué)家
“我們特別感興趣的是能夠觀察大腦的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能在一段時(shí)間中的變化，這可能讓我們了解到認(rèn)知障礙初期的決定性因素以及失智癥的早期生物標(biāo)記是什么，所以我覺得這是這項(xiàng)研究最激動(dòng)人心的方面之一。”

All five hundred thousand volunteers had baseline health, lifestyle and cognitive assessments when they joined over a decade ago. Repeat testing helps scientists track any decline. To date, over seven thousand research papers have been published using the data.

所有五十萬名志愿者都接受了健康情況、生活方式和認(rèn)知能力的基準(zhǔn)線評(píng)估，以在十多年前參與這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。重復(fù)檢測幫助科學(xué)家追蹤任何指標(biāo)的衰退情況。迄今為止，已有超過7000份公開發(fā)表的研究報(bào)告使用了這個(gè)樣本庫的數(shù)據(jù)。

Professor Paul Elliott, Epidemiologist, Imperial College London
"UK Biobank is the gold standard internationally for this type of study. It brings together blood samples, scans, a linkage through the NHS (UK's National Health Service) to people's health records with their consent. So it gives an extraordinarily deep understanding of the causes of disease, which then can lead to better prevention and also treatments."

保羅·艾略特教授       倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院     流行病學(xué)家
“英國生物樣本庫是國際上這類研究的標(biāo)桿。它匯集了血液樣本、身體掃描、并在征得了志愿者的許可后把他們在英國國家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系中的健康記錄相關(guān)聯(lián)。這些信息讓研究人員對疾病成因有了極其深入的理解，進(jìn)而可以引領(lǐng)我們更好地預(yù)防和治療疾病。”

With every year that passes and volunteers like me get older, UK Biobank will yield ever more information on how to combat the diseases of ageing.

年復(fù)一年，像我這樣的志愿者逐漸變老，英國生物樣本庫也將不斷產(chǎn)出更多可以幫助我們對抗老年疾病的信息。